Matu Caa Metila na
Thut AI?
Caa
tlang at na thut phai vengah awllung acehna (order of worfs) he callah awlpui.
Hlaang lawng ayakmingna hamla awllung te amah kah a huen ah na khueh hamla
angoe. Tecoengah bet hamkoei nawh awllung te khawh hau na bet manawh.
Thuinamaiah,
“
Peter lawng tuiva ah ngaa atuuk” tila na thut kawinih, bet hamkoei nawh awllung
ten a bet dongah, a tee rai. Caa na thut te soeng oen soeng nawh ming na ngaih
atah, catlang khuiah aka awm awllung pakhat rip te grammar oen na bueh vengah
meang awllung phun kai tit e ming ham angoe.
Catlang
khuiah aka awm phai awllung hli te pars of Speech a mingna. Matu caa he n’thut
vengah adangkah angla Parts of Speech he awm.
1. Noun – thaihu boeih kah ming
(Johan, Im, Ui, Lungvatna)
2. Verb or Predicate – Noun
(Subject) lawng tu a sai tit e aka thui kung awllung (Cet,ngawl, heng ,rap,
tlum)
3. Adjective – Subject he metila a
awm ti aka thui kung awllung (hingsuep, theen, pahih,loe, cuih, yahawh, bo)
4. Adverb – verb oen adjective aka
bawng kung awllung ( tare, hlang, aloela, koep, tangkiik, broe)
5. Postposition – noun kah a huen
aka nueh awllung ( im ah ka awm. Apa tengah ka cet.) (Sawh, dong
ah, nala, khuiah, timah, hamla) [ Lai caa ah preposition he awm nawh].
6. Pronoun – noun yuengla n’hawna awllung (kai, nang, ahih, tehli)
7. Prononinal Clitic- subject
nawhtah object yuengla na hawna awllung ; pronoun oen vai hih ( ka, kan, na,
nan, a, kana, ana, va, kava, nava).
8. Case marker – noun nawhtah noun
phrase kah a huah valaw tih, noun nawh tah noun phrase te aka khi kung awllung
( lawng, tah, lawngtah, lawngah, te, hih, u)
9. Conjunction – awllung pahih aka
cong kung (oen, tede, nawhtah, tih, khawh, cakhawh, kangah)
10. Interjection – awllung lungat
buengla awm tih , n’tu athuingaihna te aka yakming sak awllung (ah! Eh! Yovaa!)
Hekah
parts of speech he boeih ka thut nawh vetih, Matu hlaang yahawh ngai lawng Matu
caa a thut u vengah a palh poepa la aka awm, Pronoun oen pronominal clitic,
suffix “na” oen postposition kawng he tawica la thut hamla ka ngaih.
Pronouns
Pronouns he subject oen object la na hawna thai tih,
pahih la pek u.
Class
(1) Pronouns
First Person
|
Singular
|
Dual
|
Plural
|
kai
|
kaihih
|
Kaimi, mami
|
Second Person
|
Nang
|
nanghih
|
nangmi
|
Third Person
|
ahih
|
Herawi, terawi
|
Ahimi,hehli,tehli
|
Class
(2) Pronouns (Self form)
First Person
|
Singular
|
Dual
|
Plural
|
kamah
|
Kamahih
|
kamami
|
Second Person
|
Namah
|
Namahih
|
namami
|
Third Person
|
Amah
|
amahihrawi
|
amami
|
Possessive Pronouns
First Person
|
Singular
|
a , ka
|
Second Person
|
na,
|
Third Person
|
a, ana, ama
|
(
First person kah “a” he anu, apa ham bueng ni ahawna. Third
person kah “ana” oen “ama” he ana pa, ana pu, ama nu, ama
ni, ama se, ham bueng ni a hawna.)
e.g..,
Ahih tengah kai ka cetai.
Nang lawng ahimi ten a ho.
Ahimi tah a im la mel u poen.
Nangmi khawh na im la mel u
loeih.
Amami lawng a sak im oen namami
lawng na sak im te taa?
Note:
Dual oen plural hamla possessive pronoun he awm nawh. Tedongah kaihih kah,
mahih kah, kaimi kah, nanghih kah, nangmi kah, ahimi kah tehli kah, tila “kah”
oen pronoun te haih n’hawna.
First person
|
Ka, kan, kana, kava
|
Second Person
|
Na,nan, ana, va,
|
Third person
|
A, va, ana, ava,avan
|
Im ah ka om tih hai ka awm.
Nang kah lungna.
Kai kana cet hawn ai.
Kai lawng kavan tuih badai.
Nang na cet ai aw?
Kai nan lungna aw?
Nanghih ana cet hih mai hawn.
Nangmi aloela va law uh.
Nang nava mel vengah thui sih.
Ahih te nang lawng
navan tuih ham om.
Ahih a cehna ah cet van.
Ahimi va mel de seh.
Ahih te avan tuih kawinih theen.
Ahimi lawng im te ana sak u badai.
Hlaang hli ava law u vengah na huh badai.
Suffix “na”
Suffix “na” he
amah bueng a awm vengah meaning khueh nawh. Tedongah suffix la awm. Verb te a
bet atah, verb te noun nawhtah adjective la va coeng. Adjective te a bet atah
adjective te noun lacoeng. E.g., theenna, hingna, roengna; yuna, mingna
Na awmna im teah
kava law ai. (Adjective)
Ramtloe ah n’awm
he a theenna broe awm. (abstract noun)
Nang kah
moeihoeihna ka hilh thai nawh. (Abstract noun)
A u na mingna?
(Verb)
Kai nan yuna ai
aw? (Verb)
Matu awl ah “ na” a awm muela aka pai
thai nawh awllung khatsut awm. Tekah awllung hli tetah verb la khawh noun la
khawh awm thai.
e.g.., lungna,
thintlawhna, lungvatna
Nang kan lungna.
(Verb)
Nang kah lungna
tah bo tangkiik. (Noun)
Peter, kai nan
thintlawhna aw? (verb)
Kai sawah
lungvatna khueh. (noun)
Tecoengah,
Matu awllung khatsut tah khat oen khat
bet thai la awm.
e.g.., A hlaang
theen. (adjective)
Na hlaangtheen te
poeihcaih. (noun)
Na saa bawk
tangkiik. (adjective)
Na saabawk ten a caak
thai aw? (noun)
Khatsut
postposition he khawh bet thai la awm.
Khui ah = khuiah
Saw ah = sawah
Coeng ah = coengah
Teng ah = tengah
Hu ah = huah
Hai ah = haiah
Meang spelling oen
Matu caa na thut ah cakhawh, agrammar rule ningla na thut ham a ngoe. Tahe kah
Pronouns, Pronominal clitic, oen suffix “na” he mah a soeng cala thut
lamha u de lah sih.
“Matu pakhat, caa
pakhat” ham thangthui u sih.
Dr. Aung Htang
Myanmar Kyat Exchange Rate
